RV solar panel kits provide an eco-friendly way to power appliances in your camper. Begin by determining your power requirements and selecting an array with sufficient wattage.
RV solar panels convert sunlight into DC electricity that powers appliances. A charge controller regulates and channels this energy towards your battery bank.
Panels
RV solar panels harness energy from the sun and convert it to DC power that is stored in a battery bank – enough power for running all your appliances and devices throughout the day and eliminating campground electric hookup fees altogether.
RV solar panel kits typically consist of monocrystalline, polycrystalline or flexible thin-film solar panels – depending on your budget, available roof space and desired functionality. Monocrystalline panels typically offer more power at a relatively reasonable cost.
Amorphous silicon solar panels for RVs offer excellent efficiency at high temperatures while remaining more affordable than their monocrystalline counterparts; however, their power rating may be reduced as a result.
Charge controllers take the power produced by RV solar panels and store it in batteries, controlling how much power is transferred over to them and protecting against overcharging or discharging of batteries.
The inverter converts DC power from your charge controller into 120V sine wave power for use by appliances and devices in your RV, including your refrigerator. Some inverters come equipped with remote controls for added convenience when operating remotely from within your RV.
Inverter
Based on your RV power needs and length of camping or boondocking trips, solar panel kits range in cost from under $100 up to over $2,000. Most come complete with 100W to 400W solar panels as well as an inverter that converts DC solar energy to usable AC electricity.
Deep-cycle batteries store solar energy for later use; an inverter transforms this stored DC solar energy into AC (alternating current ) electricity, powering most appliances and electronics in your camper van that need AC input.
Many solar power kits include a remote monitor to keep track of battery voltage and energy output so you can easily track its health. More expensive kits also come equipped with a solar charge controller for optimizing efficiency of their system.
Dependent upon the size and scope of your solar electric system, you may require basic wiring skills and be comfortable dealing with low-voltage power sources. If this is something new to you, professional installers are there to assist.
Battery
Your RV solar power kit requires a battery to store energy collected by solar panels during the day and deliver it at night when you need it for appliances and devices. A lithium battery is optimal as it’s more energy-efficient, less sensitive to cold, and requires little maintenance compared to its alternatives. Most kits also come equipped with an onboard monitor so you can check voltage output at any time.
Basic solar panel kits typically include panels, charge controller, brackets and wires with fuses for connecting them to components – just be sure to install one that exceeds your charge controller’s rated current in order to provide adequate circuit protection.
Some solar panel systems allow you to tilt the panels so they face optimal angles toward the sun throughout the day, especially during fall and winter when sunlight is lower in the sky. This feature can help maximize efficiency and output during these months when sunlight levels decrease significantly; making this an excellent feature for people traveling frequently or living in regions with inconsistent weather conditions. Other accessories often included with such kits include hoses for attaching them directly to water tanks as well as extension cords that plug directly into shore power when camping.
Charge Controller
Solar powering your RV or camper requires several moving pieces. Understanding your energy usage and battery capacity needs will be key. To estimate them, gather information on which devices consume watt-hours then multiply that figure by the length of time spent boondocking.
Solar panels use photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight to electricity, which flows through a charge controller to your batteries at an optimized rate and charge them optimally. Your batteries store this energy for use later or when there is no sunlight available during a particular day or season.
Transfer switches (sometimes known as power converters ) are installed into RVs to allow the user to select between different sources of electricity such as solar battery bank power or shore power if available. They’re mounted inside your RV in an easily accessible place for maximum convenience.
A battery meter (such as the Victron BMV712) can help you monitor battery usage more closely. It will prevent undercharging or overcharging, thus prolonging their lifespan. Most monitoring apps also display how much energy your solar system is producing at peak efficiency.